Potatoes for the 2022 harvest in all categories of farms in Uzbekistan are planted on 243 000 ha, which is 55% or 86 000 ha more than last year. Accordingly, the forecasted crop volume in 2022 is 4.1 million tonnes, which is 26% or 850 000 tonnes more than in 2021, EastFruit experts report citing the data by the Ministry of Agriculture of Uzbekistan.

Potato planting areas by categories of potato producers and their growth compared to last year were distributed as follows:

• 153 000 ha (70 000 ha more) of land of farms and agricultural enterprises, of which 115 500 ha (65 000 ha more) on the main areas and 7 300 ha (4 400 ha more) in the aisles in orchards and vineyards;
• 90 000 ha (10 000 ha more) of small farmers and household plots.

Thus, out of the projected 2022 harvest of 4.1 million tonnes, 2.6 million tonnes will be produced by farms and agricultural enterprises and 1.5 million tonnes by small growers and household plots.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture, 40 districts in ten regions of the country specialized in growing potatoes, 23 districts – in potato seed production, 9 districts – in growing premium potato varieties. 9 potato-growing clusters have been created. In order to grow virus-free potatoes in an intensive way, 5 modern in-vitro laboratories were also created.

Read also: The export season of beetroot and Daikon radish of the new harvest has started in Uzbekistan

The Uzbek-Hungarian Potato Research Center was launched in the Tashkent region in 2021. Under a cooperation agreement between the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences – Potato Research Center and the Ministry of Agriculture of Uzbekistan, 6 varieties related to the selection of Hungary – “Aranu clipke”, “Balatoni Rossa”, “Demon”, “Botant”, “White”, “09-688” – were chosen for testing in the soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan. Scientific experiments are currently underway.

In total, the State Register of Agricultural Crops includes 131 varieties of potatoes recommended for planting in Uzbekistan, of which 19 varieties were created by local research institutes.

According to the ministry, the gross potato harvest in the republic in 2021 amounted to 3.3 million tonnes, of which 650 000 tonnes will be used as seeds for next year’s harvest.

We remind you that potatoes have become the main import position of the fruit and vegetable sector of Uzbekistan over the past few years. The annual volume of potato imports did not exceed 50 000 tonnes per year until 2016, and in 2017 potato imports amounted to 194 000 tonnes. In subsequent years – from 2017 to 2021, the import volume increased from 194 000 to 560 000 tonnes, i.e. almost 3 times.

According to EastFruit analysts, the volume of potato imports to Uzbekistan in January-March 2022 amounted to 223 800 tonnes, which is 47% or 71 700 tonnes more than in the same period in 2021.

Meanwhile, the first wholesale batches of early potatoes of the new harvest became available on the markets of Uzbekistan about a month ago, and their prices have halved over the past year.

According to EastFruit price monitoring, from March 18 to April 15, 2022, the average wholesale prices for potatoes of the current year’s harvest decreased from 16 000 to 9 000 UZS/kg (from $1.38 to $0.79), i.e. by 44% in four weeks. In addition, the average wholesale prices for early potatoes as of April 15, 2022 are at the same level as on April 15, 2021.

Prices for early potatoes tend to decline rapidly as supply increases in wholesale markets. If we assume that the price will decrease at about the same pace as in previous years, then we should expect wholesale prices for early potatoes to be much lower than the current ones by the end of April.

At the same time, wholesale prices for last year’s potatoes (harvest 2021) in Uzbekistan are currently in line with last year’s levels. As of April 15, 2022, their average wholesale price was 4 000 UZS/kg ($0.35) – 2.2 times cheaper than early potatoes.

Сообщение Uzbekistan: potato planting area increased by 55% in 2022 появились сначала на EastFruit.

Farmers are resuming work in the liberated regions of Ukraine, in particular in the Kyiv, Chernihiv, Sumy regions. Of course, this is not easy to do – some of the fields are mined, some bridges and roads are destroyed. However, Ukrainian growers of potatoes, vegetables and grains do not stop. “Roads are destroyed, logistics are broken, there is a shortage of fuel and fertilizers… but we are Ukrainians, we are stubborn and purposeful,” says Mykola Gordiychuk, director of Agrico Ukraine, which supplies Ukrainian farmers with high-quality seed potatoes.

In a commentary for SEEDS, Mykola Gordiychuk spoke about how Ukrainian suppliers and producers of potatoes work during a war.

– The situation in the entire agricultural sector, which is strategically important for Ukraine, is still quite complicated. What are the most pressing issues for potato growers?

– The first problem is logistics, delivery of fertilizers, fuel. We cannot buy fertilizers and bring them to our farms in the Chernihiv region, because the bridges have been destroyed. There is only one bridge that can be crossed by a small car. The state is trying to help the agricultural sector, but today small farmers are mostly forced to solve problems on their own.

– What is happening to the demand for seed potatoes? Which varieties are in the highest demand?

– There is a demand for seed potatoes now. First of all, buyers are interested in early varieties, as they understand that the situation in the southern regions of Ukraine is difficult and most farms will not plant potatoes there, or they will not be able to sell them to other regions in time. Therefore, early varieties, such as “Riviera”, “Arizona”, are in great demand today.

But, again, there are logistical problems – for example, when it comes to the supply of seeds from the Kyiv region to the western regions of Ukraine. The cost of logistics services has tripled. Before the war we paid 15 000 UAH for a car, but now we pay 40 000-45 000 UAH for transporting the same 20 tonnes from Kyiv to Ternopil region.

– What are the current trends in the potato market?

– There are enough potatoes in Ukraine today. There is no shortage. The average price for potatoes in stores is quite normal – about 10-12 UAH per kilogram.

– Clearly, it is difficult to make any forecasts during the war, but still, what could this season be like for potato producers?

– Today it is difficult to forecast something. We still cannot say how many farmers will start works in the field. In the temporarily occupied or former occupied territories, many will not be able to carry out field work, since the fields are mined. They need to be cleared and farmers may not be able to start work on time. Now it’s hard to say. It will be possible to make forecasts for potatoes in late April – early May, when we know what areas have been planted.

Video: Preparing seed potatoes

– The majority of Ukrainian farmers helps the population and the defenders of Ukraine in this difficult time. Your company also provided aid. Tell about it.

– We helped several organizations that prepared food for the territorial defense of Kyiv and other settlements. This was especially true when the Kyiv and Chernihiv regions were occupied. Volunteers came to our warehouses in small cars, shipped 2 to 3 tonnes of potatoes every day. We also collaborated with retail chains. They took part of the potatoes for sale, and part for the supply of low-income citizens, who found themselves in difficult circumstances.

We tried to help in every way we could. I think that this is the task of every Ukrainian – to do everything possible to help the army and the country.

– What advice would you give to Ukrainian farmers?

– In this difficult time, first of all, you need to take care of people, your employees, because today there is a big problem of finding personnel, both in the occupied and liberated territories, and in the relatively safe western regions.

I also urge you to plant as many as possible – as many potatoes as you can, because after the victory we will need to feed the country.

Our task is to support the economic front and ensure the food security of Ukraine, so that our defenders and all citizens have what to eat after the victory. I believe that every effort should be made not to disrupt the sowing season, but to sow grain, plant potatoes and do other work on time, if possible.

I realize that the situation is really difficult for farmers today. Ports are blocked, many farmers cannot sell the grain they have left for export. Therefore, they do not have working capital and they have to allocate funds for seeds and other resources extremely rationally. But we must make every effort to do the spring field work and provide the country with food.

Сообщение “We are stubborn and purposeful”: potato growers resume work in the liberated regions of Ukraine появились сначала на EastFruit.

EastFruit specialists analyze the potato planting season in Georgia, which starts in March. Official data for March 2022 show an 8% year-on-year increase in seed potato imports. Compared to the March average for the previous 8 years, imports are up 15%. Notably, seed potato importers have had to pay more this year, with dollar import prices up 10% from March 2021 levels and 25% above the March 2014-2021 average.

The increase in seed potato imports, despite the higher price, may indicate that Georgian farmers still have high hopes for quality potatoes. Seed potatoes are mainly imported from Europe, they produce a good harvest and are demanded by buyers.

Although the cost of seed potatoes is a significant factor, their price may be the least of the concerns for Georgian farmers. Market participants emphasize that other production costs have also risen much. Growing potatoes in Georgia in 2022 is almost twice as expensive compared to the previous season.

EastFruit is receiving reports that farmers in Kvemo Kartli, the second largest producing region in Georgia, have planted more potatoes than last year. It should be noted that potato planting has not yet begun in the largest producing region, Samtskhe-Javakheti. So, costs have risen, but it still looks like production will rise as well. What is the reason for these actions of farmers?

Many Georgian producers believe that Russia’s invasion of Ukraine will undermine food security in the region. Thus, farmers believe that producing more is the right move, even at a double cost. However, there are concerns that the overall quality may suffer due to the very high prices of consumables. Some farmers may not be able to do all the work as planned. Market participants report that prices for diesel fuel, herbicides and fertilizers used in growing potatoes have increased by 70-100% compared to 2021.

Сообщение The cost of growing potatoes in Georgia will rise sharply in 2022 появились сначала на EastFruit.

Leaders of the Association of Potato Growers of Moldova hope that large growers will reconsider plans to reduce the area of potato plantations this year. Back in the fall of 2021, about a third of all large farmers growing potatoes on dozens of hectares announced plans to partially reorient themselves to grain production. However, due to the autumn drought, the total area of ​​winter crops for the 2022 harvest did not increase in the country, but decreased by almost 100 000 ha. There is hope that during the spring planting season, farmers will not reduce the area for planting potatoes and vegetables too much while focusing on sunflower and corn.

Read also: Table grapes of “Moldova” variety become niche grapes on the Moldovan market in the spring

According to the association’s experts, the main constraint is that potato farms currently imported 20-30% less planting material than last year. Meanwhile, prices for seed potatoes in Poland and Romania are rising, and many Moldovan farmers will not risk increasing purchases. Moreover, the weather conditions for sowing potatoes, at least early varieties, “were worse than the average norm”, growers say.

As representatives of the industry association forecast, the area planted with potatoes in specialized farms is most likely to decrease under the current circumstances. In part, this will be offset by the continued increase in potato growing by rural households over the past two agricultural seasons – for their own consumption and for fodder. With this in mind, it can be assumed that the total area of potato plantations in the country will not fall below 17 000-19 000 ha. However, the production for self consumption, the reduction of its market-oriented component in the face of a decrease in foreign trade due to the war in Ukraine, potentially poses a big risk for the fruit and vegetable market in Moldova.

Сообщение The projected reduction in the potato area will increase the vulnerability of the produce market in Moldova появились сначала на EastFruit.

On January 22, a three-month ban on the export of potatoes and carrots came in force in Kazakhstan. But the growers managed to convince the interdepartmental commission to allow exports within the established quota. This was reported by ElDala.kz with reference to Kairat Bisetayev, head of the Union of Potato and Vegetable Growers of Kazakhstan.

“After the intervention of the Minister of Trade, I managed to participate in the meeting of the Interregional Commission. A decision has just been made to replace the ban on potato exports with quotas for 144 000 tonnes of  potatoes in the period from February to April. They also allocated a quota for 57 000 tonnes of potato seeds for the same period,” said Kairat Bisetaev.

He also said that restrictions on the exports of carrots were lifted by the decision of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Earlier, the government decided to limit the exports of potatoes and carrots, fearing a shortage and rising prices in the spring. To convince the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the extremity of such a measure, the Union of Potato and Vegetable Growers conducted a huge study, recalculating the stocks of potatoes in the country. It was established that organized agricultural enterprises produced a little more than 1 million tonnes, and together with production in private household plots in Kazakhstan, 2 million tonnes were harvested.

Agricultural enterprises of the country had 844 389 tonnes of marketable potatoes. The needs of the urban population of Kazakhstan are estimated by researchers at 614 810 tonnes. Taking into account imports (70 000 tonnes per year), it is enough for the country’s agricultural producers to supply 544 810 tonnes of potatoes to the domestic market. This means that the exports potential for the current season (until July 2022) is 299 578 tonnes.

Сообщение The ban on the exports of potatoes and carrots was lifted in Kazakhstan появились сначала на EastFruit.

The developments in the seed potato market of the EU countries are noteworthy. According to EastFruit analysts, prices for seed potatoes this season are much higher than usual, especially after relatively unsuccessful last seasons. However, buying seed potatoes even at a high price in large volumes in their key exporting country is now very problematic.

Although the Netherlands does not currently supply seed potatoes to Russia, it is Russia that is the main contributor to a shortage of seed potatoes in the Netherlands. By the way, Russia itself used to be a fairly large exporter of seed potatoes. It entered the Top-7 global exporters of seed potatoes at the end of 2020, with an export volume of more than 70 000 tonnes. The main markets for seed potatoes from Russia were Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Belarus.

How could Russia be involved in the shortage of seed potatoes on the European market? We already wrote that Russia faced a severe shortage of potatoes in the 2021/22 season, which was very difficult to compensate. This led to a domino effect and potato prices began to grow rapidly in many countries of the region, especially in Central Asia, where Russia had previously exported potatoes. The countries of Central Asia have now started competing for potato imports with Russia in Iran and Pakistan.

Egypt, which is usually the largest supplier of potatoes to Russia and a major importer of seed potatoes from the Netherlands, has reduced production for the winter 2022 harvest. As a result, Russian importers pushed potato prices in Egypt to record highs, forcing Egyptian growers to urgently place new orders for seed potatoes.

Potato prices have increased not only in Egypt, but even in countries that did not supply potatoes to the Russian market and, for example, bought potatoes in Egypt. Thus, all these countries rushed to look for seed potatoes. Uzbekistan is no exception. Since the Netherlands provides more than half of all global exports of seed potatoes, it has received the most orders for import.

Companies from the Netherlands were not ready for such a sharp surge in demand. Besides, the bulk of their potatoes have already been contracted to local and European producers. Accordingly, not all importers from third countries had the opportunity to purchase seed potatoes in the Netherlands.

Thus, it can be assumed that seed potato prices will continue to rise throughout the region in the coming weeks. But whether potato production will increase in the new season is a big question. One thing is obvious – the cost of potato production is already high, especially after a sharp increase in farmers’ costs for fertilizers.

Current wholesale prices for potatoes in Russia are 1.5 times higher than last year and reach their record high levels. Similar is observed in most countries of the region, except for Ukraine, where potato prices, on the contrary, are extremely low. However, due to low quality of potatoes and lack of access to the markets of most countries, Ukraine cannot get rid of the excess of potatoes in its market.

Сообщение Russia provoked a shortage of seed potatoes in the European Union появились сначала на EastFruit.

Last week, wholesale potatoes on the domestic market of Moldova fell by about 1 MDL/kg to 3.5-4.5 MDL/kg ($0.19-0.25/kg) for the first time in December 2021. This is the price level of mid-November, when freshly harvested potatoes were supplied to the local market from the fields.

According to representatives of the Association of Potato Growers of Moldova, the reasons for the decline in prices in the last week of December are the same. At the end of the first week of the month, some potato growers harvested the last late potatoes from the fields sown in July. These potatoes are usually kept for seeds. However, sorting is underway and the largest potatoes are sold. This year, late potatoes grown in specialized agricultural enterprises are of high quality.

Read also: Potato market in Eastern Europe – an overview of prices, trends, and prospects

However, the average Moldovan consumer is wary of large and visually attractive potatoes in the retail chains. They think those are “imported and full of fertilizers”. The demand for such potatoes in supermarkets is rather small; they are purchased for current consumption (households formed “strategic stocks” for winter in autumn). This circumstance puts pressure on prices in store retail, especially since a new round of general price increases is about to start in the country.

In addition, some supermarket chains traditionally began to import potatoes from Ukraine and Poland at the end of November. The volumes of imports are still small, but they can also affect prices in case of a large supply on the market.

Сообщение Potato prices in Moldova started decreasing again at the end of 2021 появились сначала на EastFruit.

In July-August 2021 alone, Georgia imported 26% more potatoes than the average for the second half of the previous three years. EastFruit already wrote that July import volumes were unusually high, and this trend continued in August.

Import of potatoes to Georgia (excluding seed potatoes) in the previous month amounted to 2,400 tons. This is 8 times more than the average for August over the past three years, and 17 times more than the average for August 2014-2020. The reason for the high import volumes is the same as in July: Russian importers purchased large volumes of Georgian potatoes in previous months, leading to very low local supplies ahead of the new harvest in September. Turkey dominated in the import of potatoes to Georgia with a share of 97% in physical terms.

As the potato harvest begins this month in Georgia’s main production region, Samtsk-Javakheti, average  prices have dropped from $0.35 per kg 4-5 weeks ago to $0.29 last week. There may be room for further declines as Turkish potatoes were imported in August at $0,23. So far, we have not reached the low prices of 2020 that disappointed Georgian growers then. The average price last week was 20-30% higher than the same week in the previous three years.

In 2020, the September harvest in Georgia was quite high, given the weakened local demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The oversupply led to a decline in prices to $0.17 pernjm kg. Given last year’s experience, the current harvest will not be a high one. Meanwhile, local demand may not have increased much over the year. COVID statistics have worsened, prices have risen very quickly, and the workforce has not fully recovered. Thus, without significant improvements on the demand side, the volumes supplied to the Georgian market will be the main factor in pricing.

Read also: In the Georgian market, Turkish carrots replaced local ones

Based on prices, the market is not as oversaturated as it was last year, and given the current information, prices are unlikely to fall that low. Much will depend on the Turkish side, which seems to be very active lately.

Notably, an increase in the production of top-quality potatoes in Georgia is unlikely. Imports of seed potatoes, which usually produce high yields and very high quality in September, have been cut in half this year. This is partly due to crop rotation problems among seed buyers and the difficult past season. The use of imported seeds has not become more popular despite the comparative success of growers who focus on quality and sell more easily at much better prices. This is not surprising as it is difficult for small farmers to invest in expensive seeds, especially after last season.

Сообщение Potato prices in Georgia are higher than last year, Turkish imports may be a problem появились сначала на EastFruit.

Seed potato suppliers say that some of their customers intend to at least cut, or at most, stop potato production next year. The reason is obvious: wholesale prices for potatoes of the currently prevailing quality (low and average) have already dropped to 2.7-2.8 MDL/kg ($ 0.15-0.16/kg).

As EastFruit noted earlier, at the beginning of September, the prices for potatoes in Moldova fell to the lowest “autumn” level in the last three years. Moreover, since mid-summer, the country has had the lowest potato prices in the region.

There was a similar situation in the onion segment of the Moldovan fruit and vegetable market last year. As a result, according to expert estimates, the crops of onions for the 2021 harvest decreased by 30-40% – to about 1.5-2 thousand hectares.

The difference is that, according to experts from farming organizations, many vegetable growers have reoriented themselves from onion production to growing other vegetables – tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, etc.

However, potato growers impressed by low demand and collapsing potato prices in September 2021 plan to completely abandon their production in favor of grain next year. Grain prices remain high in the current harvest year – even the wheat for livestock feeding on the Moldovan market is now more expensive than potatoes. Thus, a part of the potato growing areas is likely to be sown with winter grains in the nearest future.

Many experts agree that this is a possible, but far from the best production scenario. Some of them believe that both onions and potatoes in Moldova will rise in price sharply in late autumn – early winter and almost certain this will happen in winter-spring next year.

One of the main problems of potato growing in Moldova is the focus on growing raw, but not finished products. That is why the country’s supermarkets are forced to import high-quality and clean potatoes from the EU and Ukraine, while local ones are not in demand. Growers cannot preserve, clean and pack potatoes in a quality manner to put them on supermarket shelves. This leads to huge losses for all: potato growers and consumers alike.

According to the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova, a little more than 66 thousand hectares were allocated for vegetables, potatoes and melons in the country in 2021 (96% of last year’s figure). 22.2 thousand hectares (97%) were planted with potatoes, 37.5 thousand hectares (94%) – with open-field vegetables, and 6.2 thousand hectares (102%) – with melons.

Сообщение Moldovan farmers give up potato production in favor of grains появились сначала на EastFruit.

After being unable to sell all the potatoes produced in 2020/21, many Georgian potato producers may face yet another disappointing season in 2021/22. Sounds strange as one would think that farmers usually decrease the cultivated area after a bad year but that’s where our analysis gets interesting and could only happen to potato producers.

Since October 2020 most Georgian potato producers have been selling their potatoes at 0.50-0.60 GEL (0.15-0.18$) per kg. Moreover, prices have hit the lowest levels in in March/April 2021 when they usually rise due to low stocks.

As producers were suffering due to very low prices, some of them chose to plant their own potato stock rather than sell them hoping that next year the prices will recover. Thus, assuming weather allows September’s potato harvest in Georgian might be a high one again.

Meantime, the situation in Turkey seems to be similar with significant surplus of potatoes on the market, which could provide even more pressure for the Georgian potato market. Despite all of these factors, Georgia still imported a significant amount of seed potatoes from the EU. Georgian potato producers seem to think that better quality of potatoes will be the point of difference when market is oversupplied and could help them get a decent price.

Source: EastFruit survey

Average farmgate price for Georgian potato in January 2021 was about 28% lower than in 2019 & 2020 and the difference increased to 60% in April. Price difference would have been less drastic if not for the sharp price hike in March 2020 when Covid pandemic uncertainty and lockdowns caused panic buying in Georgia and worldwide.

Data sources: Geostat.ge; Ministry of finance of Georgia.
*production from seeds imported in particular year – estimated by EF
**preliminary data

The main driver for the later drop in prices is a relatively good harvest coupled with weak local demand due to pandemic’s impact on the drop in tourism and HoReCa. As stocks started to pile up, some farmers even requested support from local governmental bodies and threatened to dump their potatos. Overall, farmers found two main ways out of the situation: exporting or using them as seed potatoes. Second option seemed easier, if you still had cash.

Primary export destination for Georgian fresh potatoes is usually Azerbaijan. As a rule, Azerbaijani traders come to Georgia with trucks, buy potatoes and return home. Given there was not much demand from Azerbaijan in the first half of 2021, Georgians found it hard to export – mainly due to lack of experience, underdeveloped post-harvest infrastructure, logistics and marketing.

Many of the unsold table potatoes were planted back into the ground in spring in hopes of better economic prospects for the next harvest. Georgia’s neighbour, Turkey is seeing that early potato harvest is starting good. Weather and soil conditions in the country are said to be favourable, yet there is some caution: potato consumption in touristic regions of Turkey is usually very high, and now Covid pandemic is threatening Turkey’s tourism sector. With fewer international visitors, translated into lower consumption and higher stocks compared to pre-pandemic levels, Turkey will try to aggressively export its potatoes. Part of it may be shipped to neighboring Georgia.

Much fewer of the Georgian potato farmers found another way to compete – focusing on higher quality.

Source: Ministry of Finance of Georgia
*all data for 2021 include first four months only

In the first four months of 2021 Georgia’s import volumes of seed potatoes (1072 tons) were second highest in the last five years – more than imported quantities in 2017 and 2018 altogether. This is even more impressive when we observe a very steep increase in seed potato prices in the local currency. Prices for imported seed potatoes in Jan-Apr 2021 were 46% higher compared to the average price of 2014-2020 (in Georgian lari).

Significant imports of seed potatoes when prices for seed potatoes are high, is not accidental: Georgian market values high quality locally grown potatoes.

Sources: Ministry of Finance (Turkish imports), EastFruit survey

Through January-April 2021, Georgian farmers, who mainly used imported European seed potatoes and focused on getting higher quality product, got on average 27% more than an average Georgian farmer. More impressively, Georgian market seemed to be ready to pay twice as much for such potatoes compared to what it was ready to pay for the Turkish potatoes.

Of course, the price received by farmers with high quality potatoes have also dropped compared to the past year, but they experienced no problems selling their produce. Moreover, high quality product was sold at a much higher pace and farmers did not have to use the potato stock as seed potatoes at the end of the season, like many others.

To summarize, the Georgia’s potato harvest in 2021/22 may end up being very high one  again. Despite such concerns, farmers hope for improved economic situation, economic revival from pandemic and higher demand. Hopefully, these expectations will come true, but if tourism sector does not grow quickly in the region, there will be a fierce competition with potato imports from Turkey again.

While this season was not easy for Georgian potato producers due to low prices and low demand, farmers who focused on quality ended up in much better situation. It may be the right time for Georgian potato growers to draw more attention to potato quality. We estimate that usually only less than 10% of Georgia’s total annual production comes from newly imported high quality seed potatoes, so the high quality segment of the potato market is likely to have a large margin for growth.

Сообщение Potato prices in Georgia may remain at a record low levels in 2021/22 – EastFruit появились сначала на EastFruit.